Rotary machine



June 8, 1965 F. SCOGNAMILLO ROTARY MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 10, 1963 I N VENTOR. F/PA/VK SCUG/VAM/LLU M MW A T ;0ANEY June 8, 1965 F. SCOGNAMILLO 3,187,679

ROTARY MACHINE Filed June 10, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. FRANK SCOG/VAM/LLO BY WWW ATTOPNL Y United States Patent 3,187,679 ROTARY MACHINE Frank Scognamillo, 118 Walnut St., Ridgewood, NJ. Filed June 10, 1963, Ser. No. 286,860 a 4 Claims. (Cl. 103-436) The invention herein disclosed relates to machines of the rotary pump type having blades slidingly confined in slots in a rotor operating eccentrically in a cylindrical pump chamber and is a continuation-in-part of the invention disclosed in copending application for patent Serial No. 67,256, filed November 4, 1960, Patent #3,098,451 of July 23, 1963.

Special objects of this invention are to avoid development of opposing or counterbalancing forces in the reciprocatory movement of the blades in their confining slots and to accomplish this in a simple practical inexpensive form of construction. These and other desirable objects accomplished by the invention and the novel features of construction, combination and relation of parts embodied in the invention are set forth and will appear in the course of the following specification.

The drawings accompanying and forming part of the specification illustrate present practical embodiments of the invention. Structure however may be modified and changed as regards these particular illustrations, all within the true intent and scope of the invention as hereinafter defined and claimed.

FIG. 1 in the drawings is a front elevation of one of the machines, with front cover removed to show internal parts.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross section of the complete machine on substantially the plane of line 22 of FIG. 1.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are corresponding views of a modified form of the invention having fixed annular shoulders for guiding and supporting the blades in place of the loose rings illustrated in the first form.

In the several views the shaft of the pump or rotary machine is shown at S carrying a rotor 6 having radial slots 7 receiving the blades 8 operating concentrically in the cylindrical chamber in which the shaft is eccentrically journaled.

This chamber is shown as made up of parallel end walls 9 and 16 connected by a cylindrical annular wall 11. a The inlet and outlet ports, which may be considered as reversible, according to the direction of turning of the rotor are indicated at 12 and 13 opening through the cylindrical wall of the pump chamber at opposite sides of the rotor.

The end wall is shown as a removable cover inset or shouldered into the end of the circumferential wall at 14, secured so by bolts or screws 15..

A special feature of the end walls is-that they are each in a single smooth flat plane, free of shoulders or other projections as shown in FIGS. 2and 4.

Similarly the ends of the rotor and the ends of the blades are on simple fiat planes, the blades flush with the ends of the rotor and both blades and rotor in flat running engagement or cooperation with the flat internal surfaces of the end Walls. 7

In the firstform of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 the ends of the rotor arej formed with annular recesses 16 and free floating rings 17 of lesser diameter are loosely seated in these recesses, these rings having an internal diameter enough greater to clear the shaft, FIG.

2, and an external diameter suflicient by engagement with I the inner edges of the blades to hold these blades outward in free sliding engagement with or without desirable clearance in respect to the surrounding circumferential wall of the housing.

These blade controlling rings have free sliding and rotative movement at the ends of the rotor and so may follow the blades and rotor or remain at rest with respect to either or both these elements. They are thus in effect self-adjusting responding to different conditions and serving in all cases to hold the blades radially outward in proper operating relation to the walls of the cylindrical casing. 7

As shown in FIG. 1 the loose or free rings 17 tend to maintain a concentric relationship with the casing at all times, with pressure on diametrically opposite sides of i the rings equalized bythe blades at opposite sides, enabling the blades to automatically adjust themselves to compensate for any variations in size or wear of the blades.

To relieve or prevent development or build up of opposing pressure by the blades operating in the crescent shaped spaces 18 between the outer peripheries of the rings and the surrounding walls of the annular cavities 16 in the rotor the blades are formed with radial slots or notches 24 in their inner edges of sufiicient width and depth to communicate the ends of the rotor slots with the adjoining ends and outer edges of the rings.

These notches in the inner'edges of the blades, bridging the spaces between the rotor slots, the rings and the ring chambers in the ends of the rotor form passes communicating the enlarging and decreasing spaces created by the rotating blades, equalizing and avoiding development of opposing pressures.

These pressure compensating or relieving notches in the blades also are cut so as to leave the blades with ample bearing surface on the rings at 19;

The rotor slots are shown as opened or relieved at the ends at 21, FIGS. 2 and 4, to pass the fluid more freely into and out of the spaces in back of the blades.

This invention provides a particularly simple inexpensive compact size and lightweight form of construction 7 which may be operated at high speed with low power effort because of the elimination of internal opposing forces Within the machine. The rings can be made quite small and light in weight since these are not subjected to load during ordinary running of the machine, centrifugal force tending to keep the blades outward in cooperative relation with the wall of the casing. In the rest position these rings hold the blades outward in their slots in position to cooperate with the surrounding wall on starting of the machine.

The rings may be substantially square in cross section, as shown in FIG. 2.

While the use of the loose blade supporting rings may be preferred, as in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is contemplated that in place of these loose rings, the annular blade supporting elements may be in the form of fixed annular shoulders on the end walls of the housing, as shown at 20 in FIG. 4.

The other features of the machine illustrated inFIGS. 3' and 4 are substantially the same as first described.

Both forms of the invention are of simple low cost construction and avoidance of undesirable pressure conditions is accomplished without sacrifices of operating efiiciency.

What is claimed is:

1. A rotary machine comprising i a casing having a cylindrical body portion and end Walls cooperatively forming a cylindrical pump chamber,

a shaft journaled eccentricallyin said cylindrical pump chamber, a rotor carried by said shaft in eccentric relation to said cylindrical pump chamber, 7 the cylindrical body portion of thecasing having inlet and outlet ports at opposite sides of said'rotor, said rotor having radial slots therein,

Patented June 8, 1 965 blades slidingly confined in said slots and having the clear of said shaft and an external diameter sufiicient V in engagement with the blades .to hold them radially outward in cooperative relation with the cylindrical wall of the casing,

the end walls of said casing each being smooth and flat in a single plane, with said rings, the rotor and the ends of said blades in flush, free sliding engagement therewith and sealing said pump chamber against said radial slots and annular recesses in the rotor,

said radially sliding blades resting at their inner edges onrsaid rings and having radial notches in said inner edges set inward from the ends of the blades and extending from the slots in the rotor to said rings and to said annular recesses in the ends of the rotor and thereby communicating the rotor slots in back of the sliding blades with said annular recesses and the,

rings operating therein and whereby fluid in the inner ends of the radial slots in back of the blades is free to circulate through said notches in the blades and the annular end recesses to opposite sides of the shaft, thereby preventing back pressure on the blades and leaving them free to be positioned by said rings.

' said rotor having radial slots therein,

blades slidingly confined in said slots and having the ends of the same flush with the opposite ends of th rotor,

said rotor having concentric annular recesses in the ends of the same and extending about said inwardly projecting annular shoulders on the end walls of the casing and being intercepted by said slots,

said blades bearing at their inner edges on saidannular shoulders and having notches in said inner edges set inward from the ends of the'blades and extending from the slots in the rotor into saidtannular recesses a casing having a cylindrical body portion and end walls cooperatively forming a cylindrical pump chamber, 1

a shaft journaled eceentrically in said cylindrical pump chamber, 2

a rotor carried by said shaft in eccentric relation to said cylindrical pump chamber, 11

the cylindrical body portion of the casing having 'mlet and outlet ports at opposite sides of said rotor, said rotor having radial 'slots therein, blades slidingly confined in said slots and havingrthe ends of the same flush with the opposite ends of the rotor,

said rotor having concentric annular recesses in the ends of the same about the shaft intercepted by said slots and whereby the inner edges of the blades at opposite ends are exposed in said annular recesses and blade controlling rings loosely seated in said annular recesses in the ends of the rotor,

said rings having an internal diameter'greater than and clear of said shaft and an external diameter sufiicient in engagement with the blades to hold them radially outward in cooperative relation with the cylindrical wall of the casing,

the end walls of said casing each being smooth and flat in a single plane, with said rings, the rotor and the ends of said blades in flush, free sliding engagement therewith confining pumping action of the blades to said cylindrical pump chamber and the ends of the blade receiving slots in the rotor being relieved toward the shaft to thereby enlarge communication between the rotor slots and the annular recesses in the ends of the rotor, for free passage or" fluid in back of the blades from said radial slots to opposite sides of the shaft, said blades each having two radially extending notches in the inner edge of the same, disposed inward from the ends of the blade and of a width extending from the slots in the rotor into the annular recesses, in the ends of the rotor.

,4. A rotary machine comprising cooperatively forming a cylindrical pump chamber,

' a shaft journaled eceentrically in said cylindricalpump chamber,

- a rotor carried by said shaft in eccentric relation to said cylindrical pump chamber, the cylindrical body portion of the casing having inlet and outlet ports at opposite sides of said rotor, said .rotor having radial slots therein, blades slidingly confined in said slots and having the ends of the same'flush with the opposite ends of the rotor, said rotor having concentric annular recesses in the ends of the same about the shaft intercepted by said slots and whereby the inner edges of the blades at opposite ends are exposed in said annular recesses and r blade controlling annular elements in said annular recesses in the ends of the rotor, said blades resting at 7 their inner edges on said annular elements and having notches in their inner edges set inward from the ends of the blades and extending from the slots in the rotor to said annular recesses and annular elements, providing free flow from said slots in back of said blades through said annular recesses to the opposite sides of said shaft. 7

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,312,961 *3/43 Cowherd 1o3' 136 2,366,765 1/45 Anderson 103-136 2,493,929 1/50 Rittenhouseetal. -103136 2,623,470 12/52 Hartmann 103--136 2,685,255 8/54 Carner 103-136 3, 43,019: 8/:64 Carrier 1031-136 7 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,062,137 12/53 France. 1

KARL I. ALBRECHT, Primary Examiner. JOSEPH H. BRANSON; 1a., Examined 

1. A ROTARY MACHINE COMPRISING A CASING HAVING A CYLINDRICAL BODY PORTION AND END WALLS COOPERATIVELY FORMING A CYLINDRICAL PUMP CHAMBER, A SHAFT JOURNALED ECCENTRICALLY IN SAID CYLINDRICAL PUMP CHAMBER, A ROTOR CARRIED BY SAID SHAFT IN ECCENTRIC RELATION TO SAID CYLINDRICAL PUMP CHAMBER, THE CYLINDRICAL BODY PORTION OF THE CASING HAVING INLET AND OUTLET PORTS AT OPPOSITE SIDES OF SAID ROTOR, SAID ROTOR HAVING RADIAL SLOTS THEREIN, BLADES SLIDINGLY CONFINED IN SAID SLOTS AND HAVING THE ENDS OF THE SAME FLUSH WITH THE OPPOSITE ENDS OF THE ROTOR, SAID ROTOR HAVING CONCENTRIC ANNULAR RECESSES IN THE ENDS OF THE SAME ABOUT THE SHAFT INTERCEPTED BY SAID SLOTS AND WHEREBY THE INNER EDGES OF THE BLADES AT OPPOSITE ENDS ARE EXPOSED IN SAID ANNULAR RECESSES AND BLADE CONTROLLING RINGS LOOSELY SEATED IN SAID ANNULAR RECESSES IN THE ENDS OF THE ROTOR, SAID RINGS HAVING AN INTERNAL DIAMETER GREATER THAN AND CLEAR OF SAID SHAFT AND AN EXTERNAL DIAMETER SUFFICIENT IN ENGAGEMENT WITH THE BLADES TO HOLD THEM RADIALLY OUTWARD IN COOPERATIVE RELATION WITH THE CYLINDRICAL WALL OF THE CASING, THE END WALLS OF SAID CASING EACH BEING SMOOTH AND FLAT IN A SINGLE PLANE, WITH SAID RINGS THE ROTOR AND THE ENDS OF SAID BLADES IN FLUSH, FREE SLIDING ENGAGEMENT THEREWITH AND SEALING SAID PUMP CHAMBER AGAINST SAID RADIAL SLOTS AND ANNULAR RECESSES IN THE ROTOR, SAID RADIALLY SLIDING BLADES RESTING AT THEIR INNER EDGES ON SAID RINGS AND HAVING RADIAL NOTCHES IN SAID INNER EDGES SET INWARD FROM THE ENDS OF THE BLADES AND EXTENDING FROM THE SLOTS IN THE ROTOR TO SAID RINGS AND TO SAID ANNULAR RECESSES IN THE ENDS OF THE ROTOR AND THEREBY COMMUNCATING THE ROTOR SLOTS IN BACK OF THE SLIDING BLADES WITH SAID ANNULAR RECESSES AND THE RINGS OPERATING THEREIN AND WHEREBY FLUID IN THE INNER ENDS OF THE RADIAL SLOTS IN BACK OF THE BLADES IS FREE TO CIRCULATE THROUGH SAID NOTCHES IN THE BLADES AND THE ANNULAR END RECESSES TO OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE SHAFT, THEREBY PREVENTING BACK PRESSURE ON THE BLADES AND LEAVING THEM FREE TO BE POSITIONED BY SAID RINGS. 